Aspirin (salicylate) was given in 7 patients: independently in 2 patients and combined with prednisolone in 5 patients. medical procedures because the anterior vitreous experienced severe inflammatory opacity with diffuse retinal edema in both eyes. Due to prolonged macular edema in both ARQ 197 (Tivantinib) eyes 5 months postoperatively, at the age of 6 years, he began to use adalimumab injection 20 mg every 2 weeks. The ARQ 197 (Tivantinib) macular structure depicted by optical coherence tomography became normal in 2 months. At final visit at the age of 11 years, he had the best-corrected visual acuity of 0.8 in the right vision and 0.4 in the left vision, with adalimumab 40 mg every 2 weeks and methotrexate 8 mg weekly. In conclusion, macular edema prolonged despite oral methotrexate after cataract surgery could be controlled for long term by adalimumab in a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. In the Japanese literature, only 26 additional cases with juvenile idiopathic arthritisCassociated uveitis have been ARQ 197 (Tivantinib) reported so far. for Hashimoto diseaseBilateral cataract surgery1.5/1.5Honda et al2715/Male12 yearsPolyNoNoSimultaneous onsetIridocyclitis br / Retinal vasculitis br / Optic papillitisBilateralPrednisoloneNo1.2/1.2Amano and Mochizuki2816/Female10 yearsSystemicNoNoSimultaneous onsetSubretinal exudatesBilateralAspirinNo1.0/1.2Higuchi et al2917/Female5 yearsSystemicNoNoSimultaneous onsetIridocyclitis br / Retinal vasculitis br / Optic papillitisBilateralAspirin br / PrednisoloneNo1.5/1.2Sakaguchi et al3018/Male2 yearsSystemicYesNoAspirin3 yearsSubretinal exudates (brain basal ganglia mass)RightPrednisoloneNoND/NDHirabayashi et al3119/Female12 yearsSystemicYesNoND15 yearsIridocyclitis br / Subretinal exudates br / Optic papillitisBilateralNoNo1.0/1.0Ishihara et al3220/Female5 yearsSystemicNoNoND11 yearsIridocyclitis br / Retinal vasculitis br / Subretinal exudates br / Optic papillitisBilateralPrednisolone br / AspirinNo0.8/0.6Sekine et al3321/Male19 yearsSystemicNoNoSimultaneous onsetIridocyclitis br / Retinal vasculitis br / Optic papillitisBilateralPrednisolone br / MethotrexateNo1.0/1.0Namba et al3422/Female4 yearsOligoYesNDSimultaneous onsetIridocyclitis br / Subretinal exudates br / Vitreous opacityBilateralPrednisolone br / CyclosporineNo2.0/2.0Matsushita et al3523/Female1 12 months 7 monthsOligoYesNoIbuprofen br / Prednisolone br / Methotrexate11 yearsIridocyclitis br / Retinal vasculitis br / Macular edema br / Optic papillitisBilateralEtanerceptNo1.0/1.0Kinouchi et al3624/Female4 yearsPolyYesNDSimultaneous onsetBand keratopathy br / IridocyclitisBilateralPrednisoloneBilateral cataract surgery with IOL br / Bilateral PTK0.09/0.1Ishikura et al3725/Female2 years 9 monthsOligoYesNoSimultaneous onset5 yearsIridocyclitis br / Cataract br / Retinal vasculitis br / Macular edemaRightIbuprofen br / Prednisolone br / AdalimumabRight cataract surgery0.9/NDShimizu3826/Male5 years 1 monthOligoYesNoSimultaneous onsetBand keratopathy br / Iridocyclitis br / Macular edemaLeftIbuprofen br / Methotrexate br / AdalimumabLeft therapeutic keratectomyND/0.4Shimizu et al3827/Male4 years 8 monthsOligoNoNoSimultaneous onsetBand keratopathy br / Iridocyclitis br / Cataract br / Retinal vasculitis br / Macular edemaBilateralMethotrexate br / AdalimumabBilateral cataract surgery br / NOS3 Bilateral therapeutic keratectomy0.8/0.4Matsuo and Yashiro (this case) Open in a separate windows Abbreviations: ANA, antinuclear antibody; RF, rheumatoid factor; ND, not described; systemic, systemic arthritis; oligo, oligoarthritis; poly, polyarthritis; IOL, intraocular lens implantation; PTK, phototherapeutic keratectomy. aNo in systemic treatment for uveitis indicates topical medication only. Results In review of the literature, 27 patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritisCassociated uveitis, including the present patient, were 8 male and 19 female, with the age at the diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis, ranging from 1 year and 7 months to 20 years (median = 5 years). The timing at the diagnosis of uveitis was the same as the onset of systemic manifestations and, hence, as the diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in 15 patients, while the diagnosis of uveitis was delayed in 12 patients by the range from 1 year to 12 years (median = 2.5 years) after the onset of systemic manifestations. The category of juvenile idiopathic arthritis was systemic arthritis in 14 patients, oligoarthritis in 10 patients, and polyarthritis (rheumatoid factorCnegative) in 3 patients. Antinuclear ARQ 197 (Tivantinib) antibody was positive in 13 patients and negative in 10 patients, while the remaining 4 patients had no description. Rheumatoid factor was negative in all 22 patients with its description. All 27 patients, including the present patient, showed iridocyclitis manifested as keratic precipitates and aqueous cells sometimes with synechia iris posterior. Both eyes were involved in 22 patients, only the right eye in 4 patients, and only the left eye in 1 patient. Persistent iridocyclitis was associated with band keratopathy in 7 patients and complicated cataract in 6 patients. Only 3 patients had iridocyclitis with no description of fundus (posterior segment) manifestations. Lens extraction with no intraocular lens implantation as cataract surgery was done in 4 patients while intraocular lens implantation was done in 1 patient (Case 24). Phototherapeutic keratectomy using laser was done in both eyes of 1 1 patient with dense band keratopathy (Case 24). The other 24 patients had fundus manifestations: 2 of these 24 patients had fundus manifestations only and did not have iridocyclitis, one with retinal vasculitis (Case 11) and another with subretinal exudates (Case 16) in both eyes. As for fundus (posterior segment) manifestations, retinal vasculitis was described in 16.
