PRDX6 is an antioxidant enzyme overexpressed in stress-induced premature senescence [28]. This work provides insights of the state of acute phase response to infections in seniors patients and could explain further the lack of appropriate response in the elderly compared to more youthful persons. == Intro == Ageing is definitely defined as a progressive deterioration of biological functions and physiological capacity, which leads to the build Prostaglandin E2 up of disabilities and diseases [1] with reduced ability to cope with environmental stimuli, dysregulated inflammatory responses and changes of the immune response. Immunosenescence refers to the progressive age-related deterioration or modification of the immune system [2]. This results in higher susceptibility to the risk of infectious diseases, inflammatory disorders, cancer and autoimmune diseases [3,4]. Immunosenescence is definitely involved in the poor response of seniors to vaccination against pathogens such as influenza or pneumonia [5-7]. Ageing is definitely associated with increased levels of circulating inflammatory parts and chronic pro-inflammatory state, so called inflammageing [8], due to continuous antigenic stress that Prostaglandin E2 impinges upon innate immunity, throughout existence, and Prostaglandin E2 offers potential implications for the onset of inflammatory diseases [9]. While swelling is an adaptive response to acute illness or injury, resulting in clearance of pathogens, inflammageing can be detrimental to health and become predisposing element for age-related diseases. A higher level of pro-inflammatory cytokines is definitely associated with a number of age-related diseases and/or with the development of frailty [10,11]. Infectious diseases are significant causes of morbidity and mortality among seniors population. Older individuals generally have higher susceptibility to infections than more youthful adults [12]. This is particularly true with intracellular micro-organisms whose immunity is mostly cell-mediated. It is well known that ageing is definitely associated with immunosenescence. However, other factors probably contribute to Prostaglandin E2 the greater susceptibility of illness and its adverse impact on sponsor response in the elderly persons. Here, we used a transcriptomic approach to identify “signature genes” of acute phase response to infections in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) of the elderly persons. Using a designed gene manifestation micro-array, we reported the data analysis of samples collected from healthy aged probands and aged infectious patients during their acute and convalescence phases. The purpose of this study was to investigate insights of oxidative stress, defense function and inflammatory responses in acute phase response to infections in elderly. Hence, we developed a low-density DNA array to study the relative large quantity of transcripts varieties involved in immunosenescence, swelling and stress response, mainly based on the literature and as explained in [13]. Inter- and intra-platform reproducibility of gene manifestation measurements was exhibited previously with this technology [14,15]. Several verifications with real time retrotranscription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) have been done in different studies on senescence [16]. Verifications of results acquired with these arrays in very similar conditions using samples of total RNA from PBMC of older and young Mouse monoclonal to VAV1 probands were also carried out [13]. == Methods == The recruitment was carried out at the University Hospital of Mont-Godinne (UCL, Belgium). Two organizations were considered: aged healthy volunteers considered as control group and aged individuals with infectious diseases. Healthy aged participants were recruited on a voluntary basis from different older associations. To be eligible, participants needed: 1) to be aged of 75 years and over; 2) not to become institutionalised; 3) to have no evidence in the previous month of an acute medical condition, nor deterioration of a chronic condition. The aged individuals with infectious diseases were more than 75 years and were hospitalized through the emergency department, with recorded illness (bacteriological and/or radiological proofs), including pneumonia, diverticulitis, septicaemia or cellulitis. Individuals were excluded if they used steroidal or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs one week before the inclusion (low doses of aspirin for cardiovascular prevention were tolerated), had active cancer or perhaps a earlier hospital stay within the 2 2 earlier weeks, were admitted for rigorous or palliative care or were completely dependent in activities of daily living (ADL). The same aged infectious patients were evaluated and blood was taken during acute phase (defined as day time 2 to 4 after admission) and convalescence phase (day time 7 to 10). Moreover, in the same Prostaglandin E2 study, we recruited.
